Negative Ames; positive in vitro chromosomal aberration (human lymphocytes); negative in vivo rat micronucleus and comet assays
“Omaveloxolone was negative in a bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay, and positive in a chromosomal aberration assay in human peripheral blood lymphocytes but negative in in vivo (micronucleus and comet in rat) assays.”
✓ VerifiedFDA pharmacology/toxicology review, p. 40Source ↗
Carcinogenicity
2-year rat: increased liver cholangioma/cholangiocarcinoma in high-dose females (1.9x human AUC)
“In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in rats, oral administration of omaveloxolone at levels of 0.1, 0.3, or 1 mg/kg/day in males and 0.3, 1, or 3 mg/kg/day in females resulted in increased incidences of liver cholangioma and combined cholangioma/cholangiocarcinoma in female rats at the highest dose tested (1.9 times the maximum recommended human dose of 150 mg/day based on AUC).”
Developmental toxicity (embryofetal death, growth impairment, offspring mortality and neurobehavioral deficits) at or below clinical exposure
“In animal studies, administration of omaveloxolone during pregnancy or throughout pregnancy and lactation produced evidence of developmental toxicity (embryofetal mortality and growth impairment, and mortality, growth impairment, and neurobehavioral deficits in offspring) at plasma exposures similar to or less than exposures in humans”
Monkey single oral doses up to 100 mg/kg: no effects on blood pressure, heart rate or ECG including QTc
“Cardiovascular endpoints were assessed in cynomolgus monkeys administered single oral doses of RTA 408 up to 100 mg/kg. There were no drug effects on body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, or ECG (PR, RR, QRS, and corrected QT intervals).”
✓ VerifiedFDA pharmacology/toxicology review, p. 11Source ↗
Not genotoxic overall: Ames negative; in vitro chromosome aberration positive without (not with) metabolic activation; rat micronucleus and comet negative