“These results support the monkey as the only pharmacologically relevant species.”
✓ VerifiedFDA multi-discipline review, p. 36Source ↗
Why that species
Binds CTLA-4 on stimulated human and cynomolgus T cells; no binding to mouse, rat, hamster or rabbit T cells
“At a concentration of 10 µg/mL, tremelimumab bound human and cynomolgus T cells treated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) to stimulate expression of CTLA‐4, but did not bind mouse, rat, hamster, or rabbit PHA‐stimulated T cells”
✓ VerifiedFDA multi-discipline review, p. 36Source ↗
Surrogate molecule
No surrogate; the clinical antibody was tested in cynomolgus monkeys
“The Applicant evaluated the safety of tremelimumab administered intravenously, the intended route of administration, using cynomolgus monkeys in GLP‐compliant 1‐ and 6‐month repeat‐dose toxicology studies.”
✓ VerifiedFDA multi-discipline review, p. 32Source ↗