No relevant species; in vitro cross-reactivity/alloreactivity and murine xenograft pharmacology only
“Standard in vivo single-dose or repeat-dose toxicity studies were not conducted with afamitresgene autoleucel due to the lack of appropriate animal models for testing of human TCR engineered T-cells.”
✓ VerifiedFDA multi-discipline review, p. 39Source ↗
Why that species
HLA-restricted human TCR: MHC mismatch with animals; humanized mice develop lethal xeno-GvHD within 8 weeks
“Because afamitresgene autoleucel is an autologous engineered-TCR T-cell therapy, there is a mismatch of MHC antigens between animal and human TCRs, so specificity cannot be assessed.”
✓ VerifiedFDA multi-discipline review, p. 40Source ↗
Surrogate molecule
No surrogate; engineering an animal TCR judged uninformative for human TCR specificity/safety
“Engineering an animal TCR for use in animal model testing would also not reflect the specificity/safety profile of the human TCR, and therefore would be uninformative.”
✓ VerifiedFDA multi-discipline review, p. 41Source ↗